A few days I installed Cygwin on a new laptop.  I saw the warnings that Cygwin 1.7.x is new but I chose to ignore it for now.

I soon noticed that Cygwin was not remembering my mounts.  After reading this on the Cygwin front page I realized I needed to do some more research.

… the mount point storage has been moved out of the registry into files. User mount points are NOT copied into the new user-specific /etc/fstab.d/$USER file. Rather, every user has to call the /bin/copy-user-registry-fstab shell script once after the update.

Next I looked at the /etc/fstab file which pointed me to the Cygwin Mount Table documentation.  Using this documentation I did the following steps so that my mounts are always remembered.

1. Manually mounted the C: drive.

   $ mount c: /c

2. Ran mount to determine what to add to my /etc/fstab.

   $ mount
   C:/cygwin/bin on /usr/bin type ntfs (binary,auto)
   C:/cygwin/lib on /usr/lib type ntfs (binary,auto)
   C:/cygwin on / type ntfs (binary,auto)
   C: on /c type ntfs (binary,user)

3. Based on the output of mount I added this line to my /etc/fstab.

   C: /c ntfs binary,user

4. Closed the Cygwin shell, opened a new one and verified the C: drive was properly mounted.

Update 06-15-2010: I should have just followed Cygwin’s directions and ran /bin/copy-user-registry-fstab.

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It turned out not to be too difficult thanks to this article Hints for Setting up Cygwin.  This is how I did it though there might be a simpler way.

1. In a bash shell save the mount points as a batch script.

   $ mount -m > /c/cygwin-mount.bat

2. Close the bash shell.
3. Move the cygwin folder from one drive to the other.  In my case that was from C:\cygwin to D:\cygwin.
4. Update all the short cuts for Cygwin in the Start Menu to use the new drive.
5. Update  cygwin.bat, which is in the top level of your Cygwin installation, to use the new drive.
6. Update your Windows environment variable to use the new Cygwin bin path, e.g. D:\cygwin\bin.
7. Open a DOS cmd prompt.  Run umount to unmount the old Cygwin mounts.

   > umount

8. Next run the mount points script.

   > C:\cygwin-mount.bat

9. Open a Cygwin bash shell to make sure everything is working correctly.

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1. Cygwin 1.7.x, mounts and /etc/fstab
2. Unable to start Cygwin shell from Windows command prompt
3. Cygwin Bash cannot execute DOS formatted scripts

For example:

if [ -e /usr/bin/cygpath ] || [ -e /bin/cygpath ]
then
  export FOO=`cygpath --mixed "e:\work\betweengo/target/foo"`
else
  export FOO="e:\work\betweengo/target/foo"
fi

The result on Cygwin is that FOO will be set to “e:/work/betweengo/target/foo” which will work both in DOS and UNIX.

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1. Cygwin Bash cannot execute DOS formatted scripts
2. Maven Assembly Convert Shell Scripts to use UNIX LF’s
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However if you happen to use Maven to generate / copy your shell scripts to their target directories you can take advantage of the lineEnding property in the Assembly Director. If you specify the lineEnding property to be “unix” then the outputted shell scripts will be in UNIX format. For example:

<file>
  <source>src/main/scripts/foo.sh</source>
  <outputDirectory>bin</outputDirectory>
  <lineEnding>unix</lineEnding>
</file>

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3. Maven Integration for Eclipse

The simple way to fix this is to change your scripts to use UNIX LF’s by calling dos2unix or “conv -U”.

If you are using Perforce on Windows and seeing this problem then you can change your client to use “share” for the LineEnd option. Since Perforce stores all its text files in UNIX format on the server then it will write them out locally on your Windows machine in UNIX format. See the Perforce Knowledge Base article, CR/LF Issues and Text Line-endings. Fortunately Windows batch scripts with UNIX LF’s still run properly.

Note that when you make this change from the “local” LineEnd option then text files you already checked out will have the Windows LF’s. You will need to do a p4 sync -f on the files you want updated to have UNIX LF’s. Also when do you a p4 diff on your opened text files it will look like the whole file has changed. Again this is because of line feed issues. Doing a dos2unix on those opened text files will solve the problem.

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1. Maven Assembly Convert Shell Scripts to use UNIX LF’s
2. Cygwin Bash cannot execute DOS formatted scripts
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Your group is currently “mkgroup”.  This indicates that
the /etc/group (and possibly /etc/passwd) files should be rebuilt.
See the man pages for mkpasswd and mkgroup then, for example, run
mkpasswd -l [-d] > /etc/passwd
mkgroup  -l [-d] > /etc/group
Note that the -d switch is necessary for domain users.

I tried doing what the documentation but I still kept getting that message.  I then tried one of the suggestions in the comments of this post, Cygwin users and groups « sinewalker.

$ mkpasswd -l -p /home/ -c > /etc/passwd

$ mkgroup -l -c> /etc/group

I then got this message.

Copying skeleton files.
These files are for the user to personalise
their cygwin experience.

These will never be overwritten.

`./.bashrc’ -> `/home/fkim//.bashrc’
`./.bash_profile’ -> `/home/fkim//.bash_profile’
`./.inputrc’ -> `/home/fkim//.inputrc’
Your group name is currently “mkgroup_l_d”. This indicates that not
all domain users and groups are listed in the /etc/passwd and
/etc/group files.
See the man pages for mkpasswd and mkgroup then, for example, run
mkpasswd -l -d > /etc/passwd
mkgroup  -l -d > /etc/group

This message is only displayed once (unless you recreate /etc/group)
and can be safely ignored.

I am not sure what it means but it was only displayed once.  Now that I am not seeing it anymore I’m happy.

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if [ -e /bin/cygpath ]; then
  alias p4='p4 -d `cygpath -w $PWD`'
fi

This alias works all the time except I think when you are in a directory you accessed via a link.

Note you don’t need to go such lengths as described in this post.

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1. cygwin is supposed to mimic Linux, not Windows
2. it is faster to assume that the scripts are in UNIX format

To get around this restriction I did what was recommended in this bug report, i.e. I created a Windows user environment variable named “SHELLOPTS” with the value “igncr”.

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The procedure entry point rl_getenv_hook could not be located in the dynamic link library cygreadline6.dll.

After seeing this error I would have to manually kill the sh process using the Windows Task Manager.

There was a thread about this on the Cygwin mailing list. I did what was suggested and discovered that bin/sh.exe and bin/bash.exe were exactly the same. Yet for some reason when I ran bash from the Windows command prompt I did not get this error.

I then tried rerunning the Cygwin installer. Even though nothing was installed that seemed to solve the problem, i.e. I was able to run sh from the Windows command prompt. This was possibly because the bash postinstall script was run correctly.

Update: After reboot I am experiencing the same problem again. Aargh!

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1. Moving Your Cygwin Installation
2. Shell Scripts with Windows LF’s Fail in Latest Cygwin
3. Cygwin Bash cannot execute DOS formatted scripts